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Application   No. L518
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                    Table 2  Results of System Suitability Test
                                                                   mAU
                System suitability   Results     Judgements
                 requirements   Conventional High speed
                                                                 10
                Resolution
              (H2B1b and H2B1a)   ≥ 3.0   5.1   4.7   PASS                                    Diclofenac
             Signal-to-noise ratio   ≥ 10   40   38   PASS
                (0.4 μg/mL)                                                           F
                                                                  5
              Symmetry factor   ≤ 2.5   1.1   1.2   PASS

                                                                               A
            „  High Speed Analysis of Diclofenac Sodium and
               Related Substances                                 0
            Diclofenac is widely used as an antipyretic and a pain-  0.0          25.0           50.0  min
            reliever. Here we introduce an example of high speed
            analysis of a diclofenac sodium and related substances
            based on the EP.                                       mAU
            Fig. 2 shows the resulting chromatograms of diclofenac   15
            standard solution (1.0 mg/mL). Table 3 lists the analysis
                                                         *3
            conditions that comply with both the testing section                              Diclofenac
            of diclofenac sodium related substances and the      10
            allowable adjustment range  assigned in the EP. The                       F
            analytical columns used in conventional analysis and
            high speed analysis were both the same as those used   5
            in the analysis of ivermectin. A commercially-available
            reagent for system suitability testing was used as the             A
            reference standard.                                   0
            In conventional  analysis,  the  mobile phase flow rate
            assigned in the EP is 1.0 mL/min. Despite adjusting the   0.0   5.0     10.0     15.0      min
            flow rate to 0.8 mL/min in this research due to the column
            pressure tolerance,  which  is within the allowable        Chromatograms of Diclofenac Standard Solution
            adjustment range, the obtained results meet the system   Upper: Conventional Analysis Using HPLC Flow Line (Column 1)
            suitability requirements (Table 4). High speed analysis also   Lower: High Speed Analysis Using UHPLC Flow Line (Column 2)
            passed the system suitability test. The high speed analysis
            provided approximately  70  % and 40 % reductions  of
            analysis time and mobile phase consumption respectively   <References>
            while maintaining enough separation.               *1  European Pharmacopoeia 8.0, 04/2009:20246
                                                                  2.2.46. Chromatographic separation techniques
            As demonstrated above, Nexera-i MT not only        *2  European Pharmacopoeia 8.8, 04/2016:1336 "Ivermectin"
            facilitated migration from conventional analysis to   *3  European Pharmacopoeia 8.8, 07/2014:1002 "Diclofenac sodium"
            high speed analysis but also provided results of an
            equal level.

                        Table 3  Analytical Conditions
               System      : Nexera-i MT
               Column 1    :  Shim-pack GIST C18
               (Conventional)   (250 mm L, 4.6 mm I.D., 5 Pm)
               Flow rate 1   :  0.8 mL/min
               Column 2    :  Shim-pack GIST C18
               (High speed)   (150 mm L, 4.6 mm I.D., 3 Pm)
               Flow rate 2   :  1.4 mL/min
               Mobile phase   :  A) Sodium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)
                            B) Methanol
                            A/B=34/66 (v/v)
               Column temp.   :  25 qC
               Injection volume  :  20 μL
               Detection   :  UV 254 nm

                    Table 4  Results of System Suitability Test
                System suitability   Results      Judgement
                  requirement   Conventional High speed
                Resolution
               (impurity F and   ≥ 4.0   6.8   5.1   PASS
                Diclofenac)


                                                                                                      First Edition: Apr. 2017
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