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FDA Regulations on
                                                                                                     Genotoxic Impurities
                                                                                                       LCMS-IT-TOF ®
               Data


               Analysis of Trace Impurities in Atropine
               Analysis results of commercially available atropine spiked   LC Analytical Conditions
                                                                Column       : Shim-pack XR-ODS
               with 0.001% p-nitrophenol trace impurity are shown              2.0 mm i.d. × 75 mm L, 2.2 μm
               below. Fig. 1 shows a magnified view of the LC   Mobile phase  : A: 0.1% formic acid – water
                                                                               B: 0.1% formic acid - acetonitrile
               chromatogram. The arrow indicates the peak of the   Gradient  : 10%B (0 min) – 45%B (5 min)
               spiked p-nitrophenol. Fig. 2 shows the LCMS-IT-TOF    Flow rate  : 0.4 mL/min                          Genotoxic Impurities  FDA Regulations on
                                                      ®
                                                                Injection volume  : 10 μL
               analysis results for the p-nitrophenol peak. Fig. 3 and Fig.
               4 show the results acquired by using the formula
                                                                MS Analytical Conditions
               prediction software. A formula matching that of the   Ionization method  : ESI negative
               spiked p-nitrophenol is presented as a candidate.   Nebulizing gas flow rate : 1.5 L/min
                                                                CDL temp     : 200ºC
                                                                BH temp      : 200ºC
                                                                Drying gas pressure  : 0.1 MPa
                                                                Scan range   : MS: m/z 100 – 600
                                                                               MS/MS: m/z 50 – 500
                                                                MS program   : to waste (1.0 – 3.8 min)
                          mAU
                              mAU(x10)
                             230nm,4nm (1.00)
                             230nm,4nm (1.00)
                             230nm,4nm (1.00)
                           4.0
                           3.0                                                                                        Residual Solvents  FDA Regulations on
                           2.0
                                                                        p -nitrophenol
                                              Atropine
                           1.0
                           0.0
                            0.0  0.5   1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5  3.0   3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5  6.0  min
                                                  Fig. 1 Chromatogram (UV 230 nm)
                              (x100,000,000)
                          1.75  1:138.0197 (20.00)                               p -nitrophenol
                              2:108.0217 (50.00)
                          1.50
                          1.25
                                             Precursor ion: m/z 138.0197
                          1.00
                                             Product ion: m/z 108.0217
                          0.75
                          0.50               To drain via switching valve                                             Inorganic Impurities  FDA Regulations on
                          0.25
                          0.00
                            0.0   0.5  1.0  1.5  2.0  2.5   3.0  3.5  4.0  4.5  5.0  5.5   6.0  6.5
                                                 Fig. 2 MS and MS/MS Chromatograms



















                                    Fig. 3 Formula Prediction Results      Fig. 4 Predicted Formulae                   Support from Shimadzu





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