Page 2 - 3_Chemical industry

3. Chemical industry

3.1. TOC determination in hydrochloric acid 3.7. TOC determination in ammonia or ammonium salt
3.2. TOC determination in nitric acid solution
3.3. TOC determination in sulfuric acid 3.8. TOC determination in sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite
3.4. TOC determination in brine solution 3.9. TOC determination in phosphoric acid (TOC-V )
WP
3.5. TOC determination in sodium hydroxide solution 3.10. TOC determination in diluted hydrofluoric acid
3.6. TOC determination in soda solution 3.11. Combined TOC and TN determination in hydrogen
b
peroxide solution (H O )
2 2

The most commonly used compound in the chemical industry is The great challenge for TOC measurements in chemical prod-
water – not only as a solvent in processing, but also as an en- ucts is to develop protective mechanisms to help protect instru-
ergy carrier in the cooling or heating cycle. As vast amounts of ments and their components, as well as to prevent damage by,
water are needed, chemical industries are often located close for instance, acid fumes or high salt loads. For this purpose,
to large bodies of flowing water. Water used as processing wa- Shimadzu’s TOC-L series offers several gas washers and options
ter or as cooling water is cleaned and subsequently led back to to ensure safe and problem-free analyses.
the river or stream. For environmental protection, these waters
are subject to specific control and monitoring measures. As the A further challenge is to attain a stable and reproducible oxida-
TOC non-specifically detects all organic compounds, this pa- tion to ensure that no fluctuating or strongly tailing peaks are
rameter has also proven to be invaluable here. recorded. In addition, the measuring values should remain sta-
ble over a longer measuring interval.
Large chemical industrial parks have their own wastewater
treatment plants for cleaning wastewaters emanating from the In order to cover this wide range of analytical tasks in the
various chemical plants. In order to evenly distribute the waste- chemical industry, flexible systems are needed that are easily
water charges over the participating companies, the TOC load adapted to the task in question via various options, kits and
of the individual wastewaters is often used as a basis for calcu- modules. Shimadzu offers TOC systems that are highly suitable
lation. Companies delivering higher TOC loads are required to for such analytical problems. Because of their modular design,
pay higher charges. the instruments in the TOC-L series can be equipped for any
possible measurement task.
Incoming goods control is important in the chemical industry.
Impurities present in reagents often also constitute the impuri- The individual application notes (for instance ‘TOC determina-
ties in products. In addition to the targeted analysis of known tion in hydro chloric acid, brines or sodium hydroxide’) contain
compounds, sum parameters can help to assess the raw chemi- further information. In ad dition to applications in the chemical
cals in terms of their impurities. The TOC plays an important industry, application notes are also available on ‘Pharmaceuti-
role here: this parameter describes the contamination through cal industry’, ‘Environmental analysis’, ‘TOC special applica-
organic compounds and specifies the total amount of organic tions’, ‘TOC in daily practice’ and ‘TOC process analysis.’
carbon. TOC can, therefore, also be used for the assessment of
inorganic chemicals.