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Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST Program) (YM), Third Term Comprehensive Control Research for Cancer from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (YM), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund (YM and MY), the Kobayashi Foundation Research Grant for Cancer Research (MY), and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (MY). We thank Mrs K. Shiina for her secretarial support. Author contributions Y.M. de

17. Matsumura, Y. & Kataoka, K. Preclinical and clinical studies of
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100, 572–579 (2009). 18. Matsumura, Y. & Maeda, H. A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent smancs. Cancer Res. 46, 6387–6392 (1986). 19. Duncan, R. Polymer conjugates as anticancer nanomedicines. Nat. Rev. Cancer 6, 688–701 (2006). 20. Peer, D. et al. Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2, 751–760 (2007). 21. Ibrahim, N. K. et al. Multicenter phase II trial of ABI-007, an albumin-bound paclitaxel, in women with metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 23, 6019–26 (2005). 22. Johnson,D.H., Chang, A. Y.&Ettinger, D. S. Taxol (paclitaxel) in the treatment of l

generated using the product m/z 104.95 ion was used. The data were
performed with the precursor m/z 854.45 ion, and the standard curve
terms of the gradient, acetonitrile was conducted at 50% (B) for the
decreased back to 50% for 1.25 min. The PTX quantification was
first 1.5 min, increased to 100% for 0.25 min, and subsequently

collected in triplicate experiments. References 1. Chin, L. & Gray, J. W. Translating insights from the cancer genome into clinical practice. Nature 452, 553–563 (2008). 2. Van Dort, M. E., Rehemtulla, A. & Ross, B. D. PET and SPECT Imaging of Tumor Biology: New Approaches towards Oncology Drug Discovery and Development. Curr. Comput. Aided Drug Des. 4, 46–53 (2008). 3. Garrett, M. D. &Workman, P. Discovering novel chemotherapeutic drugs for the third millennium. Eur. J. Cancer 35, 2010–2030 (1999). 4. Abramson, R. G. et al. Complications of targeted drug therapies for solid malignancies: manifestations and mechanisms. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200, 475–483 (2013). 5. Horak, C. E. et a

global w430×h280 MS/MS analysis of PTX (m/z 892.3) was performed with the CID function of the quadruple ion trap cell on the Mass Microscope. The m/z 607.19 fragment ion was generated on the tissue. This ion was also observed for the authentic PTX as the derivative and was used for MS/MS imaging of the drug. The instrument conditions for MS/MS imaging were identical to those used for the MS mapping described above, but the spatial resolution was 15 µm, and the laser power was 50%. Female BALB/c nude mice (5 weeks old) and DBA/2N mice (8 weeks old) were purchased from SLC Japan (Shizuoka, Japan). The nude mice were inoculated subcutaneously in the flank with 1 × 10 6 BxPC3 cells. The length (L) and width (W) of the tu

New Technology Animal model. Antitumour activity. Peripheral neuropathy. with tumour cells. (ANOVA) with Tukey’ LC-MS. 70